June 2015
A Change in What “Means” Means: The En Banc Federal Circuit Reverses Itself
The Federal Circuit panel deciding
Williamson v. Citrix Online, LLC, 770 F.3d 1371 (Fed. Cir. 2014), in November 2014 overturned a district court claim construction that treated the term “distributed learning control module” as a means-plus-function expression under (pre-AIA) 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 6. The patent-in-suit, U.S. Patent No. 6,155,840 (“the ’840 patent”), describes methods and systems for distributed or distance learning, enabling presenters to connect to audiences via virtual classrooms. The patent owner conceded that the district court’s construction rendered the relevant claims invalid as indefinite, and stipulated to final judgment, followed by an appeal.
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Inter Partes Review: Indefinite Claims Can’t Play
In a petition for inter partes review (IPR), the petitioner may challenge a patent claim only on grounds of anticipation or obviousness under 35 U.S.C. § 102 or 103, and using only patents and printed publications. 35 U.S.C. § 311(b). The statute does not allow IPR petitioners to challenge a patent claim for failure to comply with the requirements of
§ 112. Nevertheless, petitioners and patent owners that believe § 112 issues have no impact on whether an IPR is instituted are missing part of the picture. Decisions from the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (Board) illustrate that a claim’s failure to comply at least with § 112’s definiteness requirement has a substantial impact whether an IPR can be instituted and lead to a finding from the Board that could be used to challenge the patent in subsequent proceedings.
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